BUS TRACKING AND MANAGEMENT USING EMBEDDED & IOT

Volume no :

2 |

Issue no :

1

Article Type :

Scholarly Article

Author :

Dr.K.Ganapriya, M.Hameed Husain, V.Vijay, K.Gowtham, M.Gowtham

Published Date :

May, 2025

Publisher :

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING INNOVATIONS AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

Page No: 1 - 8

Abstract : In recent years, the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and built -in systems has enabled the development of smart transport solutions aimed at improving efficiency, safety and passenger congregation. This article presents a comprehensive bus tracking and control system using built -in hardware components and IoT technologies. The system appoints the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) to track and manage buses and passengers in real time. RFID codes are installed on each bus, and RFID readers are distributed on strategic positions along the route to capture the location and movement of vehicles. This data is transferred through IoT modules for external access and monitoring of passengers and transport officials. To further enhance the passenger experience, the system tracks real -time seats and ensures updated information on the availability of seats, reduces boarding confusion and adapting resource use. For safety assurance, the system contains an alcohol sensor to detect the driver's Nobrity and a gyroscopase sensor (ADXL335), such as sudden braking, sharp turn or tilt to monitor the vehicle's speed pattern, which may indicate rash or potential accidents. In the event of an emergency, the system immediately triggers by capturing real -time GPS coordinates and transferring emergency services and relevant officers through automatic SMS notifications. This ensures timely intervention and increases passenger safety. The proposed system is used using Arduino Uno, IR -sensor, GPS, LCD screen, alcohol sensor and Gyro Sensor, which performs a cost -effective, scalable and effective solution for modern public transport monitoring.

Keyword Bus Tracking, RFID, IoT, Embedded Systems, Real-Time Monitoring, Passenger Management, GPS, Gyroscope Sensor, Alcohol Sensor, Arduino Uno, Safety System

Reference:

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Abstract

With the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) and embedded systems, modern transportation is evolving into safer, smarter, and more efficient solutions. This paper introduces a smart bus tracking and passenger management system that leverages IoT and hardware technologies to improve public transport operations. Using RFID-based tracking, each bus is assigned a unique RFID tag, while readers are installed at key points along the route to monitor real-time vehicle movement.

The system shares this data through IoT modules, enabling live updates accessible to passengers and transportation authorities. To enhance the commuting experience, the system also monitors real-time seat availability, reducing confusion during boarding and optimizing resource allocation.

For safety, the solution integrates an alcohol sensor to monitor the driver’s sobriety and a gyroscope sensor (ADXL335) to detect reckless driving behaviors such as harsh braking or sudden turns. In case of emergencies, it instantly sends SMS alerts with the bus’s GPS location to emergency services, ensuring quick action and increased passenger safety.

This cost-effective system is built using components such as Arduino Uno, IR sensors, GPS module, LCD display, alcohol sensor, and gyroscope, making it both scalable and adaptable for modern public transport environments.

BUS TRACKING AND MANAGEMENT USING EMBEDDED & IOT

Introduction

The rising need for intelligent public transport systems has driven the integration of IoT, wireless communication, and embedded hardware into traditional transit frameworks. Buses, being one of the most relied-on public transport methods in both urban and rural areas, often face challenges such as poor planning, overcrowding, lack of real-time updates, and limited safety measures.

To overcome these issues, there is a growing demand for real-time tracking, automated management, and smart passenger information systems. Traditional GPS-based tracking can show a vehicle’s location, but it lacks deeper insights such as seat occupancy, driver condition, or driving patterns. These limitations may lead to delays, low passenger satisfaction, and compromised safety.

To bridge this gap, we propose a comprehensive IoT-enabled smart bus monitoring system. The system uses RFID technology to track each bus’s location through tags and strategically placed readers. It provides automated seat availability updates and captures real-time passenger data to improve boarding efficiency.

Moreover, to ensure driver and passenger safety, the system incorporates an alcohol detection sensor to prevent driving under the influence and a gyroscope sensor (ADXL335) to monitor driving behavior—identifying dangerous patterns like sharp turns, rapid acceleration, or abrupt braking.

This integrated system ensures smarter control, improved safety, and a better overall commuting experience in today’s fast-moving urban transport networks.